Учебно трудовая сфера education choosing a career. American Political System

«What to be» is the most important question young people ask themselves. Your destiny and family relationship depend on it. Many aspects of life should be taken into consideration while answering the question «what to be». Different circumstances can influence our choice, we may follow someone’s experience or advice or be encouraged by certain people and events.

At early years of mankind development there were just a few jobs such as farmers, bakers, butchers or carpenters. In 17-th century I Russia it was about 200 professions. Now days exists 40000 varieties of jobs, but new kinds of work appears all the time. There is no doubt that it’s difficult to chose correct. We have so many professions to choose of. Challenging, rewarding, exciting, prestigious, professions seem to be attractive. If a job is monotonous, exhausting, messy you will say it doesn’t appeal to you. We divide jobs into caring, creative, outdoor, office professions and forces.

We refer nursing, teaching to caring professions. Creative professions include the job of a journalist, designer. To work in the office means to be a bank worker, a secretary, a recep­tionist. If you work in agriculture, horticulture, conservation you are a representative of the outdoor profession. Those who work in the police, army or navy choose forces. Besides these professions you may make a career in law, finance, international business relations, tourism business, banking and others.

Making the right choice can be rather frustrating. You should know your strengths and weaknesses. You must keep in mind what different jobs can require. Some jobs need accura­cy, good imagination, physical strength. Others will require experience, special training, travelling a lot, working long hours from home, working late or even working night shifts.

I wish we had a special subject in career teaching at school. If only there were visits to places of employment and higher education. At the lessons of career teaching we could investigate our good and bad points, our interests and aptitudes, we could relate our knowl­edge and values to our ambitions and requirements of different occupations. Such lessons would clarify relationship between education and employment.

It is important to realize that if you are practical and organized, like routine that doesn’t vary, have a tidy mind then you are suited for an office profession. Creative nature, imagi­native mind, sociability and ability to communicate will enable you to be a designer, a tourist agent, an interpreter or a market researcher. Artistic and loving nature, imagination, sensitivity make the occupation of a painter, actor, dancer, florist, architect, beautician suit­able for you. Working as a teacher Teacher’s demands love for children, perfect experience in subject, and the power of explanation. In matters of future career the priority should be given to educa­tion. If you are conscientious, efficient, capable of doing accurate work, responsible — your prospects of getting a good job increase.

Since I was a child I wished to be a programmer. I was interested in working with numbers, bites, structures and finding answers for complex problems. I love Mathematics and I am very good at it. As for my personality, I may say that I am constructive and persistent, I have strong logic, easily solve problems and I prefer teamwork rather than independence. To find a job I like I need to have excellent science knowledge’s so I could pass examinations to institute.

And there is another thing to keep in mind, it’s creation of correct impression on people, especially, when you apply for a good position. Your possible in the future employer will search for your Curriculum Vitae. It’s info about your previous experiences, education and personal qualities. Then he will decide whether to invite you or not for an interview. The way you look, your confidence, correct speech and behavior and knowledge of subject will make good impression on the interviewer.

Professions and Careers

Since we all are human and always tend to develop, in order to be useful and successful personality, the main question we ask ourselves after finishing school is: which profession should I choose? Who do I want to be? Normally we choose the one that brings more money and success and is considered a decent and popular profession in the society and presupposes the future career growth. But the more correct approach would be: what do I do best of all? What do I want most of all to be?

Indeed it is a hard choice, but still very important. Let’s take an overview to the most large and popular profession areas that young people consider while choosing a profession.

Health Care. The growing necessity in the health care are can be explained by constantly growing population number and peoples’ average age – people are living longer so the increasing number of elderly people demands more health care services. Consequently the more working, administrative roles should be filled.

Computer science. The technological progress and integration of digital communications and IT services have created bigger necessity of specialists in this area, including private and public sectors. So the computer science became more and more popular in the last 15 years, so right now more and more people choose this direction after graduating the high school. Computer programmers, web designers and developers, system administrators have many job offers and are quite successful in their careers.

Teaching is one more popular profession, being respected and interesting in the modern society. Teaching includes many other sciences as psychology, sociology, philology, philosophy, logics, etc. Indeed it is obviously a big area of investigation and research and development, so many young men and women choose it without hesitation.

Профессии и карьера

Так как все мы люди и нуждаемся в развитии, для того чтобы быть полезными и успешными личностями, самый главный вопрос, который мы задаем себе, когда оканчиваем школу это: какую профессию мне выбрать? Кем я хочу быть? Обычно мы выбираем ту профессию, которая приносит больше дохода и успеха и ту, что считается популярной в обществе и предполагает какой-то карьерный рост в будущем. Но более правильный подход был бы: что я делаю лучше всего? Кем бы я хотел быть больше всего?

На самом деле это сложный выбор, но тем не менее очень важный. Давайте рассмотрим несколько самых распространенных профессиональных областей, которые выбирают молодые люди как свою профессию.

Здравоохранение. Растущая необходимость в работниках здравоохранения объясняется постоянным ростом населения и среднего возраста людей. Люди стали жить дольше, и возрастающая численность пожилых людей требует больше услуг в здравоохранении. Следовательно, все больше рабочих и административных должностей должно быть заполнено.

Информатика. Технический прогресс и внедрение цифровых технологий и IT услуг создали большую потребность в специалистах этой области, включая частный и общественный сектор. Таким образом, информатика стала все более популярной в последние 15 лет, и все больше людей выбирают это направление после окончания школы. Программисты, веб-дизайнеры и разработчики, системные администраторы получили все больше предложений работы и стали довольно успешными в этой профессии.

Преподавание – еще одна популярная профессия, которая очень уважаема и интересна в современном обществе. Преподавание включает в себя много разных наук: психология, социология, филология, философия, логика. И на самом деле это очень большая область для исследования и развития, поэтому очень много людей выбирают ее как свою профессию.

Choosing a career is extremely difficult. What can help you make the right choice?

Every person at the age of 14 to 16 has to make an extremely stressful decision, to choose his or her own career. You might be wondering what the difference is between a career and a job. Basically a job is something you do, but don"t expect to continue doing forever. A career is what you hope to do for a long time or even for your entire working life. Choosing a career is a difficult and challenging task: the decision once taken will influence your future life. There are, of course, a lot of examples when people have changed their career paths in their twenties, thirties and even forties but, of course, it is better to make the right choice at the very beginning. The earlier you decide on what profession is interesting and rewarding for you, the more you can achieve during your lifetime.

Choosing a career is a challenging task indeed. It is all about finding the perfect match between your personality, interests, and skills. On the one hand, modern society, with its hundreds of professions and jobs, presents a vast range of future job opportunities. Industry and business, farming, science and education, medicine, service, arts and journalism are just a few professional fields a young person can specialize in. On the other hand, modern society with its crises, unemployment and inflation, makes a poor choice of profession a really bad mistake. You can choose a profession you really like, and face problems when looking for a job. Or you can find a job you like, but it will be underpaid. Besides, a young person"s parents usually have their own ideas of what career path to choose. Some parents are more democratic and let the child determine his future by himself. Some are oppressive and overprotective and try to force the child to make this or that career choice. In this case, they often try to compensate for their own dreams which have failed and the chances they have missed. Sometimes they see their child is gifted in some field and try to persuade him to choose this profession irrespective of the fact if he likes it or not.

In spite of all the problems mentioned above, the choice has to be made. To make it easier for the young people, there is some professional advice. It"s best for the young man to start this process as early as possible, ideally in the tenth form. You should determine if you would like to continue in higher education, or to learn a trade and look for a job. It"s up to the person to decide, but you should remember that to get more chances, you should strive for higher education which enables you to be qualified for skilled labour. You should determine what you might like to study or major in at college. You might like to try some of these career assessment tests to help with this step. You will surely also get suggestions from family, friends, and high school teachers and guidance counsellors. You also have to consider the demand for a particular career in the labour market. Choosing a career where there are limited job opportunities can greatly increase the challenges you will face.

Перевод текста: Choosing a Career (1)

Выбор карьеры является чрезвычайно трудным. Что может помочь Вам сделать правильный выбор?

Каждый человек в возрасте 14 - 16 лет должен принять чрезвычайно напряженное решение, чтобы выбрать его или её собственную карьеру. Вы могли бы задаваться вопросом, что различие между карьерой и работой. В основном работа - кое-что, что Вы делаете, но не ожидаете продолжать делать навсегда. Карьера состоит в том тем, что Вы надеетесь сделать в течение долгого времени или даже для Вашего всего срока службы. Выбор карьеры является трудной и стимулирующей задачей: решение, однажды принятое, будет влиять на Вашу будущую жизнь. Есть, конечно, много примеров, когда люди изменили свои пути карьеры в их двадцатых, тридцатые и даже сороковые, но, конечно, лучше сделать правильный выбор в самом начале. Чем ранее Вы выбираете, какая профессия интересна и полезна для Вас, тем больше Вы можете достигнуть во время своей целой жизни.

Выбор карьеры является стимулирующей задачей действительно. Это - все об обнаружении прекрасного состязания между Вашей индивидуальностью, интересами, и навыками. С одной стороны, современное общество, с его сотнями профессий и рабочих мест, представляет обширный диапазон будущих вакансий. Промышленность и бизнес, сельское хозяйство, наука и образование, медицина, обслуживание, искусства и журналистика - только несколько профессиональных областей, на которых может специализироваться молодой человек. С другой стороны, современное общество с его кризисами, безработицей и инфляцией, делает плохой выбор профессии действительно плохой ошибкой. Вы можете выбрать профессию Вы действительно как, и оказаться перед проблемами, ища работу. Или Вы можете найти работу, которую Вы любите, но этому недоплатят. Кроме того, у родителей молодого человека обычно есть свои собственные идеи какой путь карьеры выбрать. Некоторые родители более демократичны и позволяют ребенку определять свое будущее один. Некоторые являются репрессивными и защитными и пытаются вынудить ребенка сделать это или тот выбор карьеры. В этом случае, они часто пытаются дать компенсацию за их собственные мечты, которые потерпели неудачу и возможности, которые они пропустили. Иногда они видят, что их ребенок является одаренным в некоторой области и пытаться убедить его выбрать эту профессию независимо от факта, если ему нравится это или нет.

Несмотря на все упомянутые выше проблемы, должен быть сделан выбор. Чтобы облегчить для молодых людей, есть некоторый профессиональный совет. Это лучше для молодого человека, чтобы начать этот процесс как можно раньше, идеально в десятой форме. Вы должны определить, хотели ли бы Вы продолжить в высшем образовании, или изучить торговлю и искать работу. Это до человека, чтобы решить, но Вы должны помнить, что, чтобы получить больше возможностей, Вы должны бороться за высшее образование, которое позволяет Вам быть пригодными для квалифицированного труда. Вы должны определить то, в чем Вам могло бы понравиться учиться или главный в колледже. Вам могло бы понравиться попробовать некоторые из этих тестов оценки карьеры, чтобы помочь с этим шагом. Вы конечно также получите предложения от семьи, друзей, и учителей средней школы и консультантов руководства. Вы также должны рассмотреть требование на специфическую карьеру на рынке труда. Выбор карьеры, где есть ограниченные вакансии, может очень увеличить трудности, с которыми Вы столкнетесь.

Использованная литература:
1. 100 тем английского устного (Каверина В., Бойко В., Жидких Н.) 2002
2. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в ВУЗы. Устный экзамен. Топики. Тексты для чтения. Экзаменационные вопросы. (Цветкова И. В., Клепальченко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А.)
3. English, 120 Topics. Английский язык, 120 разговорных тем. (Сергеев С.П.)

Let me introduce myself. My name is Masha. I have finished school this year. It is my dream to become a student of the English department. I want to study English, German and maybe French.

Knowledge of a foreign language opens a new world for us. If you know a foreign language, you can speak with foreigners and it is a way to better understanding. If you know a foreign language you can read books in the original, and it is a way to better understanding of other people"s nature and culture.

In our country children study different foreign languages. At school I took up English. I read stories by English, American and Australian writers. It has become my habit to read English books in adapted form every day. I learn poems and do a lot of grammar exercises.

Now I know I must work hard to master English. Studying the English language under the guidance of the University teachers I want to learn much about the history of words, their origin and usage in ancient times. For example; the word "window" is made of two very old Anglo-Saxon words, such as "wind" and "eye". The word "window" means "the wind"s eye". It tells us of the time when a window was only a hole in the wall, and the wind used to come through it.

When I finish my studies, I"ll begin teaching in a secondary school. I think I"ll enjoy the work greatly. Teaching is a noble profession. In modern times all kinds of specialists need foreign languages in their work - teachers, doctors, engineers and people in many other professions. If a specialist doesn"t know a foreign language he can"t use all the foreign books which he needs in his work. I want to teach my pupils to read English books in the original, so they won"t depend on translations.

Выбор профессии (Учитель)

Позвольте представиться. Меня зовут Маша. Я закончила школу в этом году. Моя мечта - стать студенткой факультета английского языка. Я хочу изучать английский, немецкий и французский языки.

Знание иностранного языка открывает нам новый мир. Если вы знаете иностранный язык, то можете разговаривать с иностранцами и это помогает лучше понимать друг друга. Если вы знаете иностранный язык, вы можете читать книги в оригинале, и это помогает лучше понять характер и культуру другого народа.

В нашей стране дети изучают различные иностранные языки. В школе я изучала английский язык. Я читаю рассказы английских, американских, австралийских писателей. У меня вошло в привычку каждый день читать адаптированные книги на английском языке. Я учу стихотворения и делаю много грамматических упражнений.

Я знаю сейчас, что я должна много работать, чтобы овладеть английским языком. Изучая английский язык под руководством преподавателей университета, я хочу многое узнать о происхождении слов и их употреблении в давние времена. Например, слово "окно" состоит их двух древних англо-саксонских слов, таких как "ветер" и "глаз". Слово "окно" означает "глаз ветра". Оно говорит о том времени, когда окном была дыра в стене, и через нее часто дул ветер.

Когда я закончу учебу, я начну преподавать в общеобразовательной школе. Я думаю, что получу огромное удовольствие от работы. Учитель - это благородная профессия. В наше время всем специалистам надо знать иностранные языки - учителям, инженерам и людям других профессий. Если специалист не знает иностранный язык, он не может пользоваться всеми книгами на иностранном языке, которые ему нужны для работы. Я хочу научить моих учеников читать английские книги в оригинале, что-бы они не зависели от переводов. Я надеюсь, что сделала правильный выбор.

Key Words:
Job Areas : agriculture, coal mining, sport, law, medicine, business, information technology, the media, shipbuilding.
Professions : politician, sculptor, doctor, vet, teacher, nurse, professional footballer, scientist, lawyer, journalist, computer programmer.
Skills : communication skills, computer skills, driving, language skills, organizational ability, typing.
Qualities : cooperation, creativity, cultural awareness, flexibility, initiative, motivation, tolerance, responsibility.

Useful Expressions:
to make money, to have one"s own business, to do one"s best, to make a career, to get a promotion, to have an advantage, to accelerate rapidly, to become self-employed, to become old-fashioned, to make a living, to be made redundant, to apply for a job, to earn one"s living (to do for a living), to get a well-paid job, to get (receive) a salary/holiday pay/sick pay.

The given texts are sample texts and we recommend you to use them while getting ready with your own stories on the topic.

Job Ttends.
Survival of the Fittest.

Between now and the 21st century citizens of the world"s richest and most technologically advanced nations will find it increasingly difficult to keep up with the demand for change. For them, the future will arrive too soon. So begins Alvin Toffler"s book FUTURE SHOCK, written back in 1970.
Now people are beginning to pay attention to Toffler"s prediction, because the speed of change is accelerating rapidly. It is sometimes difficult to work out the patterns of change. What should you do? First of all, don"t panic.
Take a deep breath and try to get a sense of the good things the future has to offer.
You don"t need to be a genius to predict the job areas which will be most affected by technological change. Agriculture, textiles, coal mining and heavy industry are all doing badly. On the other hand, business, the media, information technology, and the biosciences are doing really well.
Without doubt, the number of jobs in information technology will rise dramatically. There are currently over 100 million computers in the world and by 2020 the number will be around one billion. Because of this, computer programmers and systems analysts will be in much greater demand.
There are also many other important changes taking place in the workplace. First, the job market is getting more and more competitive and the idea of a "job for life" has already become old-fashioned. Because of this, workers will have to be more flexible.
According to Mark Hastings of the Institute of Management, in the future people will organize their working life around a variety of contracts, instead of working just for one company.
In the same way, companies will change; they will be organized more democratically. People will move sideways to different jobs, rather than moving up the "company ladder" as before. Many more people will work for small, dynamic companies, which can react, quickly to changes in the market. Other people will give up working for a boss and become self-employed. All this means that companies will require people who are flexible and responsible. They will also need people who can work co-operatively and get on well in a team.
Good communication skills will be essential. According to Dr.Laurence Lyons of the Future Work Forum, women will initially have an advantage in this area. James Traeger, of the training agency Menswork, explains that many men will have to be retrained. "It"s not about making men more like women, but helping men to communicate as well."
We are undoubtedly moving towards a global economy. English will probably remain the international business language. However, understanding other people, their minds, culture and history will be vital.
Above all, a manager will need to feel comfortable working with people from other cultures and coping with cultural differences.
New technology is the driving force behind the rapidly changing workplace, so don"t get left behind. You don"t need to become a computer expert, but you must consider improving your computer skills. Work with more than one program in case you have to use them at work, and try to read about all the latest technology.
Undoubtedly, all this new technology is changing the way we work and offering many alternative ways of working. Rather than go into an office, a lot of people are connected to the Internet and now work from home. Working like this may give you the flexibility you want - to live where you want, to continue your studies and to have a lot more free time. That must be good news.

My Plans for the Future.

I have asked myself a lot of times: "What do I want to be when I leave school?" A few years ago it was difficult for me to give a definite answer. As the years passed I changed my mind a lot of times about which science or field of industry to specialize in. It was difficult to make up my mind and choose one of the hundreds jobs to which I might be better suited.
I wanted to become a doctor. I thought it was a very noble profession. I was good at biology and chemistry. I wanted to help people who had problems with health. I knew that a doctor should be noble in work and life, kind and attentive to people, responsible and reasonable, honest and prudent. A doctor, who is selfish, dishonest can"t be good at his profession. I tried to do my best to develop good traits in myself.
Now it seems to me I have already decided what to do. I"d like to be a teacher. I know that it"s very difficult to become a good teacher. You should know perfectly the subject you teach, you must be well educated and well informed. An ignorant teacher teaches ignorance, a fearful teacher teaches fear, a bored teacher teaches boredom. But a good teacher develops in his pupils the burning desire to know and love for the truth and beauty. As John Steinbeck once said, a great teacher is a great artist and you know how few great artists there are in the world. Teaching might even be the greatest of the arts. It"s a great responsibility to bring up children. I think that"s the reason why teachers are deeply respected. But I"m not sure yet if I am going to become a teacher, because they are not well payed enough.
When you leave school you understand that the time to choose your future profession has come. It"s not an easy task to make the right choice of a job. I have known for a long time that leaving school is the beginning of my independent life, the beginning of a far more serious examination of my abilities and character.
More and more people realize that every educated person should know a foreign language. No matter what I am to be in the future I know quite well just now I must know English perfectly.

Задачи и тесты по теме "Тема 1. "Choosing a Career"."

• Education and future career - Vocabulary 5–9 класс