Топик на английском пабло пикассо. Picture Description (Описание Картины на Английском)
ВЫДАЮЩИЕСЯ ЛЮДИ
PABLO PICASSO
No painter before him had a mass audience in his own lifetime. The total public for Titian in the 16th century or Velazquez in the 17th century was probably no more than a few thousand people-though that included most of the crowned heads, nobility and intelligentsia of Europe. Picasso"s audience - meaning people, who had heard of him and seen his work, at least in reproductions - was in tens, possibly hundreds of millions. He and his works were the subject of constant analysis, gossips, adoration or rumour.
Pablo Picasso was born in Spain in 1881 and lived for 91 years. For most of his life he lived in Paris, France.
When Picasso was a child, pictures by Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Cezanne were the modern masterpieces. With Picasso"s fantastic imagination he took those ideas even further. He started to paint what he knew about object or person. Anything solid was broken down into flattened, cut out «pieces». The pieces were shaped like patterns, or cubes, so the new style was called «Cubism». When cubism appeared first some critics said it was a complete disaster. So, this style was Picasso"s first gift to the art world. Picasso kept developing new styles, constantly switching between them. He painted and sculptured in any way he wanted.
Some of the greatest modern painters - Kandinsky, for instance, or Mondrian - saw his work as an instrument of evolution and human development. The idea that he had any kind of historical mission struck Picasso, and he always said that all he had ever made was made for the present and in the hope that it would remain in the present. It is interesting that he also stood against the Expressionist belief that the work of art must disclose the truth and the inner being of its author.
In his work everything is based on sensation and desire. He could make people feel the weight of forms and the tension of their relationships mainly by drawing the total structure.
Unlike many other artists Picasso wasn"t poor. He had been successful nearly all his life and had plenty of money. He lived in elegant flat in a fashionable Paris street.
Picasso constantly tried out new forms of art and invented a new style, which, strangely, remained a secret for most of his life - his sculptures. He loved animals and built sculptures of them from materials he found just lying around.
1. When was born Picasso?
2. Where did he live?
3. What is the style of Picasso"s paintings?
4. What is the main feature of his works?
VOCABULARY
nobility - дворянство, благородство
adoration - восхищение, поклонение
rumour - молва, слухи
masterpieces - шедевры
solid - твердый, сплошной
flattened - плоский
ПАБЛО ПИКАССО
У одного художника до него не было такого количества поклонников за его жизнь. Поклонников Тициана в XVI веке и Веласкеса в XVII веке было не более нескольких тысяч человек - в основном это были коронованные особы, дворянство и интеллигенция Европы. Аудитория Пикассо, включая и тех, кто слышал о нем и видел его картины, хотя бы в репродукциях, - составляет десятки, сотни миллионов. Сам Пикассо и его работы были предметом постоянного анализа, сплетен, поклонения или слухов.
Пабло Пикассо родился в Испании в 1881 г. и прожил 91 год. Большую часть своей жизни он провел в Париже, во Франции.
Когда Пикассо был ребенком, картины Винсента Ван Гога и Поля Сезанна были современными шедеврами. Фантастическое воображение Пикассо подхватили эти идеи и начали развивать их дальше. Он начал рисовать то, что знал о предмете или человеке. Все большое разбивалось на отдельные плоские кусочки. И эти кусочки изображались в форме куба, таким образом, новый стиль был назван кубизмом. Когда кубизм впервые появился, критики говорили, что это просто катастрофа. Этот стиль был подарком Пикассо миру искусства. Пикассо продолжал развивать новые направления, постоянно их сочетая. Он рисовал картины и лепил скульптуры так, как ему хотелось.
Некоторые великие художники, например Кандинский или Мондриан, рассматривали его работы как инструмент эволюции и человеческого развития. Идея того, что он был причастен к какой-либо исторической миссии, поражала Пикассо, и он всегда говорил, что все то, что он делал, принадлежит настоящему, в надежде на то, что оно в настоящем и останется. Интересно и то, что он всегда был против мнения экспрессионистов о том, что искусство должно раскрывать правду и внутренний мир автора.
В его работе все основывается на чувственности и желании. Он мог заставить человека чувствовать форму и взаимосвязь путем изображения общей структуры.
В отличие от других художников Пикассо не был бедным. Он всю свою жизнь был счастлив и имел много денег. У него была изысканная квартира на фешенебельной улице Парижа.
Пикассо постоянно пробовал новые формы искусства и придумал новый стиль, который, что странно, оставался в секрете в течение всей его жизни - его скульптуры. Он любил животных и лепил их скульптуры из материала, что находил под рукой.
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Биография Biography Pablo Ruiz Picasso (Picasso Pablo) (1881-1973), Spanish painter and sculptor, in 1904, residing in France. Picasso - the inventor of new forms of painting, an innovator of styles and techniques, and one of the most prolific artists in history. Picasso created more than 20,000 works. Born in Malaga October 25, 1881. Пабло Руис Пикассо (Picasso Pablo) (1881-1973), испанский художник и скульптор, с 1904 года проживавший во Франции. Пикассо - изобретатель новых форм живописи, новатор стилей и методов, и один из наиболее плодовитых художников в истории. Пикассо создал более чем 20 тысяч работ. Родился в Малаге 25 октября 1881 года.
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Пабло рано проявил талант к рисованию. Уже с 7 лет он учился у своего отца технике рисования, который сначала поручал ему дописывать лапки голубей на своих картинах. Но однажды, доверив тринадцатилетнему Пабло дописать довольно большой натюрморт, он был настолько поражен техникой сына, что, по легенде, сам бросил заниматься живописью. Pablo showed early talent for drawing. Since 7 years he studied with his father"s technique of drawing, which was initially commissioned him to finish writing the feet of pigeons in his paintings. But one day, entrusting thirteen Pablo finish pretty big still life, he was so struck by the technique of his son that, according to legend, he gave up painting.
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Голубь мира Dove of peace С 20 по 25 апреля 1949 года проходил I Всемирный конгресс сторонников мира в Париже и Праге. Эмблему конгресса нарисовал испанский художник с французским гражданством Пабло Пикассо. В 1950 году Пикассо был избран во Всемирный совет мира и награждён Международной премией мира, в СССР ему дважды вручали Ленинскую премию. From 20 to 25 April 1949 I passed the World Peace Congress in Paris and Prague. Emblem of the Congress drew a Spanish painter with French citizenship by Pablo Picasso. In 1950, Picasso was elected to the World Peace Council and was awarded the International Peace Prize, the USSR, he was twice awarded the Lenin Prize.
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Голубой период Blue Period На годы поездок между Парижем и Барселоной (1901-04) приходится так называемый «голубой период»: в палитре мастера преобладают голубые оттенки. Для картин этого периода характерны образы нищеты, меланхолии и печали; движения людей замедленны, они словно вслушиваются в себя («Любительница абсента», 1901; «Свидание», 1902, обе в Эрмитаже; «Старый нищий старик с мальчиком», 1903, Музей изобразительных искусств, Москва) For years, traveling between Paris and Barcelona (1901-04) have so-called "blue period": the master of the palette is dominated by shades of blue. For paintings of this period is characterized by images of poverty, sadness and melancholy; flow of people slowed, they seemed to listen to how you ("The Absinthe Drinker, 1901," Date ", 1902, both in the Hermitage, the Old old beggar with a boy", 1903, the Museum Fine Arts, Moscow).
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Розовый период Pink period In the next period, known as "pink", there are scenes of friendship, admiring the beauty of the naked body. The product of the transition period - from the "blue" to "pink" - "Girl on the ball" (1905, Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow “Boy with a horse” "Girl on the ball"
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When Picasso started working with his friend and fellow painter Georges Braque in Paris they started experimenting with a new style that was called cubism. Picasso and Braque didn"t want to show nature as it really was. They thought that all objects in nature had geometric forms. In cubism, objects were cut into many flat shapes, which looked like a puzzle. All the sides of a person"s face, for example, were shown at once, maybe even with three eyes instead of two. Cubist painters wanted to show all parts of an object from one angle. Кубизм Cubism 1937 Weeping woman,1937
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Неоклассицизм Neoclassicism Весной 1917 года поэт Жан Кокто, сотрудничавший с Сергеем Дягилевым, предложил Пикассо сделать эскизы костюмов и декорации к будущему балету. Художник отправился работать в Рим, где влюбился в одну из танцовщиц Дягилевской труппы - Ольгу Хохлову. Они поженились в 1918 году, а в 1921-м у них родился сын Поль. В это время его полотна очень далеки от кубизма; на них: ясные и понятные формы, светлые тона, правильные лица. Самая выразительная картина этих лет - "Портрет Ольги в кресле" (1917). Пикассо активно критиковали за смену стиля, как прежде критиковали за кубизм. На эти обвинения он ответил в одном из интервью: "Всякий раз, когда я хочу что-то сказать, я говорю в той манере, в которой, по-моему ощущению это должно быть сказано". Другие картины "реалистического" периода: "Купальщицы" (1918), "Женщины, бегущие по пляжу" (1922), "Детский портрет Поля Пикассо" (1923). In spring 1917 the poet Jean Cocteau, worked with Sergei Diaghilev, Picasso invited to make costumes and scenery to the future of ballet. The artist went to work in Rome, where he fell in love with one of the dancers in Diaghilev - Olga Khokhlova. They married in 1918 and in 1921 they had a son, Paul. At that time, his paintings are very far from cubism; on them: clear and understandable form, light tone, the right person. The most expressive picture of those years - "Portrait of Olga in an armchair" (1917). Picasso actively criticized for changing style, as in the past been criticized for cubism. On those charges, he said in an interview: "Whenever I want to say something, I say in the manner in which, in my sense it must be said." More pictures of "realistic" period: "Bathers" (1918), "Women, running on the beach" (1922), "Portrait of Picasso Fields" (1923). Портрет Ольги
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Сюрреализм Surrealism "Красота будет конвульсивной, или ее не будет" - сказал Андре Бретон, основоположник сюрреализма, течения в искусстве, ставившего своей задачей постижение истинных глубин художественного творчества посредством проникновения в мир снов и бессознательного. В 1925 году Пикассо написал картину "Танец". Агрессивная, болезненная, с деформированными фигурами, она отражает тяжелый период в семейной жизни художника и одновременно провозглашает новый перелом в его творчестве. Пикассо близок к сюрреалистам, но у него всегда свой путь. Работы этого периода: "Купальщица, открывающая кабинку" (1928), "Фигуры на пляже" (1931), "Женщина с цветком"(1932) и др. "Beauty will be convulsive or it will not" - said André Breton, the founder of Surrealism, movements in art, aims to grasp the true depth of artistic creativity through the penetration into the world of dreams and the unconscious. In 1925, Picasso painted the picture "Dance". An aggressive, painful, with deformed shapes, it reflects the difficult period in the artist"s family life and simultaneously declares a new change in his work. Picasso"s close to the surrealist, but it is always his way. The works of this period: "Bather, opening stall" (1928), "Figures on the Beach" (1931), "Woman with Flower" (1932) and others.
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Любительница абсента
Pablo Picasso was one of the greatest artists of the 20lh century. He experimented in many different styles and changed the world of art during his time.
Pablo Picasso was born in Malaga, Spain in 1881. His father was a drawing teacher. At 10 Pablo became his father"s pupil and at the age of 13 he held his first exhibition. His family moved to Barcelona in 1895 where Pablo joined an art academy. In his early period the young artist painted life as he saw it around him - in cafes and on the streets. Then they moved to Paris, the centre of art and literature.
In 1901 a close friend of Picasso shot himself. This had a great influence on Pablo. He was very sad and began painting his pictures in grey and blue tones instead of bright, vivid colours. This part of his career is called his Blue Period (1901-1904).
Later on, he changed his painting style and started using more earth colours - rose, pink or brown. He liked to paint pictures of circus life with dancers and acrobats. This Rose Period lasted until 1907.
When Picasso started working with his friend and fellow painter Georges Braque in Paris they started experimenting with a new style that was called cubism. Picasso and Braque didn"t want to show nature as it really was. They thought that all objects in nature had geometric forms. In cubism, objects were cut into many flat shapes, which looked like a puzzle. All the sides of a person"s face, for example, were shown at once, maybe even with three eyes instead of two.
In 1936 Civil War broke out in Spain. During this period he painted his masterpiece Guernica. It shows the terrified people of the ancient Spanish town which was bombed during the Civil War. Picasso was shocked by this inhuman act and in his painting he shows people running in the streets and screaming with their mouths wide open. To display his sadness and anger he used only black and white as well as shades of grey.
He continued his work up to his death in 1973. For his great imagination and skill he is called "El Maestro" of modern art.
2. The most famous painting of Picasso is Guernica. Read aloud the extract about it.
3. Where did Picasso learn to paint?
4. Picasso worked in different styles. Which styles are mentioned in the article? What are their typical characteristics?
Перевод текста № 26 PABLO PICASSO к экзамену по английскому языку
Пабло Пикассо
Павло Пикассо был одним из величайших художников 20 века. Он эсперементировал во многих разных стилях и изменил мир искусства того времени.
Павло Пикассо родился в Малаге, Испания в 1881 отец его был учителям рисования. В 10лет он стал учеником своего отца а в 13лет он провел свою первую выставку его семья переехала в Барселону в 1895 где Павло поступил в академию искусств. В ранний период молодой художник рисовал жизнь так как он видел ее вокруг себя - в кафе и на улицах. Затем они переехали в Париж, в центр искусства и литературы.
В 1901 году его близкий друг застрелился. Это произвело огромное влияние на Пабло. Он стал очень грустным и начал рисовать свои картины в серых и голубых тонах вместо ярких жизненных цветов. Это часть его карьеры называется его голубым периодом (1901-1904).
Позже он поменял свой стиль рисования и стал использовать более земные цвета-розовые жизнерадостные или коричневые. Ему нравилось рисовать картины цирковой жизни с танцорами или акробатами. Этот розовый период длился до 1907.
Когда Пикассо начал работать со своим другом и товарищем Георгием Брейк в Париже они стали экспериментировать в новом стиле который назывался кубизм. Пикассо Брейк не хотели показывать природу в реальном мире. Они считали, что все в природе имеет геометрическую форму. В кубизме предметы резались на многие плоские кусочки, которые выглядели как пазл. Все части человеческого лица например показывались одновременно, возможно даже с тремя глазами.
В 1936 году в Испании началась Гражданская Война в этот свой период он нарисовал. В этот свой период свой шедевр Герника. Он показывает запуганных людей древнего Испанского города который бомбили во время Гражданской войны. Пикассо был шокирован этим антигуманным действием и в своей картине он показал людей бегущих по улицам широко открытыми ртами. Чтобы показать свою печаль и злость он использовал только черные и белые цвета а также серые оттенки серого.
Он продолжал эту работу до своей смерти 1973 году. За его великое воображение и мастерство его называют «маэстро» современно искусства.
Ответы на вопросы к тексту № 26 PABLO PICASSO к экзамену по английскому языку
1.This text is about one of the greatest artist of the 20th century, Pablo Picasso. He experimented in many different styles and changed the world of art during his time.His career had some periods.Some facts of his life had a great influence on those periods.
2. (6 абзац.) In 1936 Civil War broke out in Spain. During this period he painted his masterpiece Guernica. It shows the terrified people of the ancient Spanish town which was bombed during the Civil War. Picasso was shocked by this inhuman act and in his painting he shows people running in the streets and screaming with their mouths wide open. To display his sadness and anger he used only black and white as well as shades of grey.
3.Picasso learned to paint from his father and thenin Barcelona in art academy.
4. One of his style was his Blue Period, then his Rose Period and cubism. In his Blue Period he painted in gray and blue tones, in his Rose Period he painted in rose, pink and brown, in the period which was called cubism he didn’t show nature as it really was.
Второй вариант ответов
Ответ на вопрос 1. Read the article and say in 2-3 sentences what it is about. This text is about one of the greatest artist of the 20th century, Pablo Picasso. He experimented in many different styles and changed the world of art during his time. His career had some periods. Some facts of his life had a great influence on those periods.
Ответ на вопрос 2. The most famous painting of Picasso is Guernica. Read aloud the extract about it. (6 абзац) In 1936 Civil War broke out in Spain. During this period he painted his masterpiece Guernica. It shows the terrified people of the ancient Spanish town which was bombed during the Civil War. Picasso was shocked by this inhuman act and in his painting he shows people running in the streets and screaming with their mouths wide open. To display his sadness and anger he used only black and white as well as shades of grey.
Ответ на вопрос 3. Where did Picasso learn to paint? Picasso learned to paint from his father and then in Barcelona in art academy.
Ответ на вопрос 4. Picasso worked in different styles. Which styles are mentioned in the article? What are their typical characteristics? One of his styles was his Blue Period, then his Rose Period and cubism. In his Blue Period he painted in gray and blue tones, in his Rose Period he painted in rose, pink and brown, in the period which was called cubism he didn’t show nature as it really was.
Develop your reading skills. Read the following text and do the comprehension questions
Pablo Picasso (25 October 1881 - 8 April 1973)
Pablo Picasso is considered to be one of the most famous painters in the twentieth century. He was born in Malaga, Spain on October 20, 1881. In addition to painting, Picasso was also a printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet and playwright. He spent most of his adult life in France.
Early life
Picasso showed a passion and a skill for drawing from an early age. According to his mother, his first words were "piz, piz", a shortening of lápiz , the Spanish word for "pencil". From the age of seven, Picasso received formal artistic training from his father in figure drawing and oil painting. On one occasion, the father found his son painting over his unfinished sketch of a pigeon. Observing the precision of his son"s technique, the father felt that the thirteen-year-old Picasso had surpassed him, and vowed to give up painting.
Fame
Picasso grew up to become one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Picasso is now regarded as one of the artists who most defined the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the 20th century
Personal life and death
Picasso had affairs with a lot of women and was married twice and had four children, Paulo, Maya, Claude and Paloma by three women. He died on 8 April 1973 in Mougins, France, while he and his wife Jacqueline entertained friends for dinner. He was interred at the Chateau of Vauvenargues near Aix-en-Provence, a property he had acquired in 1958 and occupied with Jacqueline between 1959 and 1962. Jacqueline Roque prevented his children Claude and Paloma from attending the funeral. Devastated and lonely after the death of Picasso, Jacqueline Roque killed herself by gunshot in 1986 when she was 59 years old.
Pablo Picasso was one of the greatest artists of the 20th century. He experimented in many different styles and changed the world of art during his time.
Early life
Pablo Picasso was born in Malaga, Spain in 1881. His father was a drawing teacher. At 10 Pablo became his father"s pupil and at the age of 13 he held his first exhibition.
His family moved to Barcelona in 1895 where Pablo joined an art academy. In his early period the young artist painted life as he observed it around him – in cafes and on the streets. As a young man he took interest in masterpieces of famous artists like El Greco and de Goya.
At the turn of the century, Picasso went to Paris, which was, at that time, the centre of art and literature.
Blue and Rose period
In 1901 a close friend of Picasso shot himself. This had a great impact on Pablo. He was very sad and began painting his pictures in grey and blue tones instead of bright, vivid colours. This part of his career is called his Blue Period (1901 – 1904).
Later on, he changed his painting style and started using more earth colours – rose, pink or brown. He liked to paint pictures of circus life with dancers and acrobats. This rose period lasted until 1907.
When Picasso started working with his friend and fellow painter Georges Braque in Paris they started experimenting with a new style that was called cubism.
Picasso and Braque didn"t want to show nature as it really was. They thought that all objects in nature had geometric forms. In cubism, objects were cut into many flat shapes, which looked like a puzzle. All the sides of a person"s face, for example, were shown at once, maybe even with three eyes instead of two. Cubist painters wanted to show all parts of an object from one angle.
Picasso and Braque also experimented with other materials, like cloth and newspaper clippings, which they glued onto the canvas. This technique became later known as collage.
Classicism
In 1917 Picasso went to Rome to design costumes and scenery for a Russian ballet company. During this period he fell back to classical forms and painting techniques but never gave up experimenting with cubism.
Civil War
In 1936 Civil War broke out in Spain. During this period he painted his masterpiece Guernica. It shows the terrified people of the ancient Spanish town which was bombed during the Civil War. Picasso was shocked by this inhuman act and in his painting he shows people running in the streets and screaming with their mouths wide open. To display his sadness and anger he used only black and white as well as shades of grey.
During World War II Picasso lived in Paris which, at that time, was under Nazi occupation. The Nazis didn"t like his modern paintings and Picasso had to hide them in a secret vault in the Bank of France.
Later life
After the war Picasso moved to a big house in the southern part of France. There, he continued experimenting with paintings and sculptures.
He continued his work up to his death in 1973. Picasso was known as a very moody person and he also displayed this in his paintings. Sometimes he was thoughtful, even sad, and at other times he could be very humorous. Picasso was never satisfied with his own work and he never stopped experimenting. For his great imagination and skill he is called "El Maestro" of modern art.